5 euro – Chestnut

The horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) was introduced to Latvia around the 17th–18th century, first appearing in the parks of manors. It became a favourite tree for lining roads and avenues and for planting beside homes, valued for its rapid growth, shelter from the wind, and magnificent blossoms. Many chestnuts have grown into venerable trees, reaching at least 23 m in height and 3 m in circumference. One such tree stands at Billītes, home of writer Edvarts Virza in Jelgava Municipality. It served as the inspiration for the great chestnut in his work Straumēni. Beneath it, the household and their guests gathered to celebrate or rest. The Latvian painter Vilhelms Purvītis, while living in Tallinn in early 20th century, immortalised a grove of trees in his painting Blooming Chestnut Trees. Sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa) also grow in Latvia, mainly in Kurzeme. From its spiny husk emerges a brown, smooth, and round chestnut fruit, cherished in Latvia both as a plaything and a folk remedy. Carrying a chestnut in one's pocket is believed to protect against misfortune. For women, good fortune is associated with a chestnut in the left pocket; for men, in the right. The chestnut coin is a talisman, embodying the positive qualities of the tree and its fruit. In Latvian, the word for chestnut tree is used in both the masculine (kastanis) and feminine (kastaņa) gender. The tree, and now the coin, belongs to everyone. May you always have a chestnut in your pocket!